World Autism Awareness Day

Autism is a lifelong congenital condition. It can range from very severe to mild, where children are able to attend regular schools with the help of assistants and can achieve a high degree of independence in their lives. The United Nations General Assembly declared April 2 as World Autism Awareness Day to draw attention to the growing problem of this complex disorder.

The cause of autism is unknown, but it is believed to be a disorder of brain structure and function. It is characterized by poor or no communication and social interaction, restricted and repetitive patterns of behaviour and activities, along with learning difficulties, delays in speech and understanding ideas. There is a lack of signs of emotional experience, with resistance to any change, and unexpected responses to stimuli.

Autism is diagnosed during the first three years of life. Early detection can help a child gain certain social skills and independence. It is important to recognize the strengths of autistic people, since there are areas in which they function exceptionally. However, despite exceptional strengths in one domain of life, they may require additional support in other domains. Therefore, early diagnosis and properly targeted support are necessary for a fulfilling life for autistic people.

(Željka Šaravanja)