In 2024, Malta celebrates 60 years of Independence, 50 years since it became a Republic and 20 years of European Union membership.
On 21 September 1964 Malta became a sovereign state ending more than 150 years as a British colony and economic dependence on uncertain British defence spending. Independence allowed Malta to become a member of the United Nations, the Council of Europe, the Commonwealth and other international bodies, while retaining Queen Elizabeth II as its Head of State, thereby underlining its commitment to the Free World. Within three years of independence Malta at the United Nations pioneered the concept of the sea as the Common Heritage of Mankind, paving the way for the International Law of the Sea. Faced by an uncertain economic future, Malta then began the process of changing its fortress image by industrialisation and that of an attractive tourist centre, making these the foundation of the Islands' new economy. Trade treaties were signed with foreign countries, while an unprecedented cultural outburst forged a new sense of national identity.
Independence allowed these Islands to amend the Constitution, when on 13 December 1974 Malta became a republic, with a President elected by the House of Representatives. It was a tangible step towards the adoption of a neutrality, which years later was enshrined in the Constitution, and helped to consolidate the sense of nation. The Constitution's amendment also advanced the Islands towards secularisation and the separation of Church and State.
Following a referendum and a general election, Malta became a member of the European Union (EU) on 1st May 2004. This allowed Malta to participate in forging European policy at all levels and enjoy full access to a vast market. Since its accession to the EU Malta has experienced economic growth and modernisation, while positioning itself as an attractive location for international companies. Significant EU funding opportunities have been channeled towards improving the country's infrastructure, educational and technological capabilities, tourist product and commercial development.
Therefore, these anniversaries provide milestones for reflection and celebration. They also serve to pay homage to Maltese leaders whose vision and dedication to the national interest enabled the Islands, once economically challenged, to transform themselves into a prosperous nation.
